The Last Common Ancestor refers to the most recent species from which two or more existing species have evolved. Often a crucial concept in evolutionary biology, it helps scientists understand the divergence of species, tracing back the evolutionary tree to a singular origin point. Although the exact identity and characteristics of these common ancestors vary by lineage, they represent pivotal moments in the natural history that set the foundation for the diverse forms of life we see today. The study of these ancestors involves a combination of fossil records, genetic research, and comparative anatomy.