Diptera is a large and diverse order of insects commonly known as true flies, encompassing approximately 160,000 described species, including houseflies, mosquitoes, and gnats. Characterized by a single pair of wings and distinctive halteres, which are modified hindwings aiding in balance and flight stability, Diptera exhibits a wide range of ecological roles such as pollinators, decomposers, and vectors of disease. Their life cycle typically includes complete metamorphosis with distinct egg, larval, pupal, and adult stages, allowing them to adapt to diverse environments. Diptera's evolutionary success is reflected in their global distribution and significant impact on both natural ecosystems and human activities.